Mapping Early Myeloma: Molecular and Biological Drivers from MGUS to Smoldering Disease

Recent advances in genomics, single-cell technologies, and immune profiling are transforming our understanding of multiple myeloma precursor states. Emerging data suggest that monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) comprise biologically distinct entities with variable malignant potential, driven by differences in genomic complexity, immune dysregulation, and bone marrow microenvironment remodeling. This session, presented by Dr. Francesco Maura, will review the latest evidence defining molecular and biological events associated with progression from MGUS to SMM and overt myeloma, including dynamic risk assessment models, immune and stromal biomarkers, and early-intervention strategies. Participants will gain insight into how these discoveries may refine risk stratification, patient monitoring, and future approaches to disease interception.